intro
MCQs 1:
Identify the nature of fatty acids from the following options:
Topic: Biochemistry - Fatty Acids
Correct Answer: C) A compound of aliphatic mono carboxylic acids
- Fatty acids encompass long chains of hydrocarbons with a carboxyl group attached at one end.
- They fall under the category of aliphatic compounds, which are characterized by linear or branched structures as opposed to cyclic structures found in aromatic compounds.
- Among the options given, the description that matches this definition is C, "A compound of aliphatic mono carboxylic acids".
- Hence, the correct answer is C.
MCQs 2:
In which of the following structures can keratin, a type of protein, be primarily found?
Topic: Biochemistry - Proteins
Correct Answer: B) Human nails
- Keratin is a type of protein that forms the main structural component in hair, nails, and the outer layer of skin.
- Silk, on the other hand, primarily consists of a protein called fibroin.
- While proteins are present in blood and muscle cells, keratin specifically isn't a major component of these structures.
- Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Human nails".
MCQs 3:
Which of the following amino acids incorporates sulfur in its structure?
Topic: Biochemistry - Amino Acids
Correct Answer: D) None of the above
- The chemical structure of amino acids varies, with some incorporating sulfur.
- Two such sulfur-containing amino acids are methionine and cysteine.
- None of the options given, Lysine, Arginine, or Histidine, are sulfur-containing amino acids.
- Hence, the correct answer is D, "None of the above".
MCQs 4:
How many codon combinations are there in the genetic code for isoleucine?
Topic: Genetics - Genetic Code
Correct Answer: B) 3
- The genetic code relates sequences of three nucleotides, known as codons, to specific amino acids.
- Some amino acids, like methionine and tryptophan, are encoded by a single codon, while others have multiple codons.
- The amino acid isoleucine lies in the latter category, with three genetic codes.
- Therefore, the correct answer is B, "3".
MCQs 5:
Which of the following compounds is primarily associated with Vitamin B2?
Topic: Biochemistry - Vitamins
Correct Answer: B) Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)
- Vitamins are critical organic compounds required for various bodily processes.
- Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is a component of two major coenzymes, FAD and FMN.
- Among the options provided, the compound that contains riboflavin is B, "Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)".
- Therefore, the correct answer is B.
MCQs 6:
Which key component is present in the structure of phospholipids?
Topic: Biochemistry - Lipids
Correct Answer: A) Single glycerol molecule
- Phospholipids play an integral role in forming the cell membrane.
- The structure of phospholipids includes a glycerol molecule, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group.
- The option that accurately represents this structure is A, "Single glycerol molecule".
- Therefore, the correct answer is A.
MCQs 7:
The fundamental unit of a steroid molecule consists of how many carbon-containing rings?
Topic: Biochemistry - Steroids
Correct Answer: C) Four rings
- Steroids are a type of lipid defined by a characteristic structure of four fused carbon rings.
- These four rings are typically arranged in a specific pattern, comprising 17 carbon atoms.
- Among the given options, the one that aligns with this information is C, "Four rings".
- Hence, the correct answer is C.
MCQ 8:
In which of the following compounds is Palmitic acid, a 16-carbon compound, found most abundantly?
Topic: Biochemistry - Fatty Acids
Correct Answer: B) Fats
- Palmitic acid is a saturated fatty acid commonly found in both plants and animals.
- It is a component of fats, which are esters of glycerol and three fatty acid chains.
- Although it can be found in oils and steroids, it is most abundant in fat reserves of the body.
- Thus, the correct answer is B, "Fats".
MCQ 9:
Which carbon of the ribose sugar is Guanine (G) attached to in a nucleotide structure?
Topic: Biochemistry - Nucleotides
Correct Answer: D) None of the above
- Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, consisting of a nucleobase, a sugar, and a phosphate group.
- In a nucleotide structure, Guanine (G) is attached to the Carbon 1 (C1) position of the ribose sugar, just like Adenine (A).
- Therefore, none of the given options are correct, making the answer D, "None of the above".
MCQ 10:
Which of the following compounds is classified as an aromatic compound?
Topic: Biochemistry - Amino Acids
Correct Answer: C) Tyrosine
- An aromatic compound has a ring structure with a cyclic cloud of electrons, known as a pi cloud.
- Among the given options, Tyrosine is an aromatic amino acid.
- Neither Oleic acid nor Palmitic acid fall into the category of aromatic compounds.
- Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Tyrosine".
MCQ 11:
What primarily distinguishes amino acids from one another?
Topic: Biochemistry - Amino Acids
Correct Answer: A) R-group
- Amino acids are organic compounds composed of an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl group (-COOH), and a unique side chain or R-group.
- While the amino and carboxyl groups are consistent across all amino acids, the R-group varies, determining the specific properties of each amino acid.
- Therefore, the primary distinction between amino acids is their R-group, making the correct answer A, "R-group".
MCQ 12:
What type of fatty acids do plants predominantly store?
Topic: Biochemistry - Fatty Acids
Correct Answer: B) Unsaturated fatty acids
- Plants store energy in the form of fats, specifically fatty acids.
- Unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acids, are typically stored in plant seeds.
- Given the options, the most accurate answer is B, "Unsaturated fatty acids".
MCQ 13:
Which of the following amino acids has an asymmetrical central carbon atom?
Topic: Biochemistry - Amino Acids
Correct Answer: A) Alanine
- Chirality, or asymmetry, in amino acids refers to a central carbon atom bonded to four different groups.
- Most amino acids, such as Alanine, Valine, and Leucine, are chiral and have an asymmetrical carbon.
- Glycine, however, does not contain any chiral carbon.
- Thus, the correct answer is A, "Alanine".
MCQ 14:
How many peptide bonds are present in ADH (Anti-Diuretic Hormone)?
Topic: Biochemistry - Peptides
Correct Answer: B) 8
- Peptide bonds form when the carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the amino group of another.
- The ADH hormone consists of 9 amino acids, thus forming 8 peptide bonds.
- Therefore, the correct answer is B, "8".
Question 15:
How many amino acids are coded by exactly two genetic codes?
Topic: Biochemistry - Genetic Code
Correct Answer: D) 9
- The genetic code is a set of rules defining how the four nucleotides (A, C, G, T) translate into 20 standard amino acids.
- Nine amino acids - Histidine, Glutamine, Asparagine, Tryptophan, Phenylalanine, Cystine, Glutamate, Aspartate, and Lysine are coded by exactly two genetic codes.
- Hence, the correct answer is D, "9".
Question 16:
Identify the disaccharide from the following compounds.
Topic: Biochemistry - Carbohydrates
Correct Answer: C) Lactose
- Disaccharides are a type of carbohydrate composed of two monosaccharides.
- Among the given options, Lactose, a sugar found in milk, is a disaccharide, consisting of glucose and galactose.
- Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Lactose".
Question 17:
Which functional group is contained in Galactose?
Topic: Biochemistry - Carbohydrates
Correct Answer: A) Aldehyde
- Galactose is a monosaccharide, or simple sugar, that is less sweet than glucose and fructose.
- It is an aldose, which means it contains an aldehyde functional group.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Aldehyde".
Question 18:
Which amino acid from the options below does not possess an alkyl group?
Topic: Biochemistry - Amino Acids
Correct Answer: D) None
- Both Iso-leucine and Lysine are amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.
- An alkyl group is a type of functional group characterized by a carbon and hydrogen chain. Both Iso-leucine and Lysine contain alkyl groups.
- Therefore, the correct answer is D, "None".
Question 19:
If the COOH is located on the right side of the alpha carbon of an amino acid, what type of amino acid will it be?
Topic: Biochemistry - Amino Acids
Correct Answer: A) L-amino acid
- Amino acids can exist as two enantiomers, known as D and L, which are mirror images of each other.
- According to Fischer projections, if the carboxyl group (COOH) is on the right side of the alpha carbon, the amino acid is classified as an L-amino acid.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "L-amino acid".
Question 20:
What color is Beta carotene?
Topic: Biochemistry - Carotene
Correct Answer: A) Orange
- Beta carotene is a type of carotenoid, which is a pigment that gives plants and fruits their vibrant colors.
- It is specifically found in a variety of fruits and vegetables, including carrots, where it imparts a distinctive orange color.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Orange".
Question 21:
Which of the following is categorized as a basic amino acid?
Topic: Biochemistry - Amino Acids
Correct Answer: D) Histidine
- Amino acids are classified as basic, acidic, or neutral depending on the nature of their side chains.
- Histidine, along with Lysine and Arginine, is considered a basic amino acid due to the presence of an amine group in its side chain.
- Hence, the correct answer is D, "Histidine".
Question 22:
Identify the lipid compound from the following options:
Topic: Biochemistry - Lipids
Correct Answer: A) Gibberellin
- Lipids are organic substances that are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents.
- Among the options, Gibberellin is a plant hormone and is lipid in nature.
- Thus, the correct answer is A, "Gibberellin".
Question 23:
What are the primary components of all cell membranes?
Topic: Biochemistry - Cell Membrane
Correct Answer: C) Lipo-proteins
- Cell membranes, also known as plasma membranes, separate the interior of the cell from the outside environment.
- They are primarily composed of lipids and proteins, also known as lipoproteins, that form a barrier and allow selective passage of substances.
- Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Lipo-proteins".
Question 24:
Which genetic code corresponds to the amino acid Glycine?
Topic: Biochemistry - Genetic Code
Correct Answer: A) GGG
- The genetic code is the set of rules specifying the amino acid sequence translated from the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule.
- For the amino acid Glycine, one of the corresponding genetic codes is GGG.
- Consequently, the correct answer is A, "GGG".
Question 25:
Which among the following components can be found in the brain?
Topic: Biochemistry - Brain Components
Correct Answer: C) Glycolipid
- The brain hosts an array of various biochemical components that are vital for its function.
- Among the options, Glycolipids, a type of lipid with a carbohydrate attached, are significant constituents of the brain and plasma membranes.
- Thus, the correct answer is C, "Glycolipid".
Question 26:
What type of force exists between two water molecules?
Topic: Biochemistry - Water Molecule Interaction
Correct Answer: A) Cohesive
- Water molecules are known for their strong intermolecular forces due to their polarity.
- The force that holds similar molecules together, such as water molecules, is known as cohesion.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Cohesive".
Question 27:
Where in the chloroplast is DNA located?
Topic: Biochemistry - Chloroplast Structure
Correct Answer: C) Stroma
- Chloroplasts, the site of photosynthesis in plant and algae cells, have their own DNA.
- This DNA is located in the stroma, the internal space of the chloroplast.
- Thus, the correct answer is C, "Stroma".
Question 28:
What is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA) in protein synthesis?
Topic: Biochemistry - Protein Synthesis
Correct Answer: B) It provides the genetic blueprint of the protein
- mRNA is a type of RNA molecule that conveys genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.
- Its primary function during protein synthesis is to provide the genetic blueprint for the sequence of amino acids that will form the protein.
- Consequently, the correct answer is B, "It provides the genetic blueprint of the protein".
Question 29:
Heptose can be best described as which of the following?
Topic: Biochemistry - Carbohydrates
Correct Answer: A) Monosaccharide
- Carbohydrates can be classified into different types such as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides based on the number of sugar units they possess.
- Heptose, as the prefix 'hept-' suggests, is a seven-carbon sugar, specifically a monosaccharide.
- Thus, the correct answer is A, "Monosaccharide".
Question 30:
What is the estimated lipid content in a bacterial cell?
Topic: Biochemistry - Bacterial Cell Composition
Correct Answer: D) None of the above
- Bacterial cells, like all cells, have a certain percentage of lipids.
- However, the typical lipid content of a bacterial cell is around 2%, which is not represented in the given options.
- Therefore, the correct answer is D, "None of the above".
Question 31:
Which is the predominant component of the cellular membrane?
Topic: Biochemistry - Cellular Membrane Composition
Correct Answer: D) Protein
- Cellular membranes are composed of various components including lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins.
- However, proteins comprise the majority of the cellular membrane composition, typically between 60-80%.
- Consequently, the correct answer is D, "Protein".
Question 32:
Which type of sugar can our body digest?
Topic: Biochemistry - Sugar Metabolism
Correct Answer: A) D-sugar
- Sugars occur in two forms - D-sugar and L-sugar, which are mirror images of each other.
- Human body is designed to digest and process D-sugars, such as D-glucose.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "D-sugar".
Question 33:
How many amino acids does a dipeptide contain?
Topic: Biochemistry - Peptide Structure
Correct Answer: B) 2
- The term "dipeptide" refers to a type of peptide that is formed by the combination of two amino acids.
- Hence, by definition, a dipeptide contains two amino acids.
- Consequently, the correct answer is B, "2".
Question 34:
What does a monosaccharide contain?
Topic: Biochemistry - Monosaccharide Structure
Correct Answer: D) None of the above
- Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates and do not contain carboxyl or amino groups.
- Instead, they are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
- Thus, the correct answer is D, "None of the above".
Question 35:
Which of the following is an unbranched polysaccharide?
Topic: Biochemistry - Polysaccharides
Correct Answer: A) Cellulose
- Polysaccharides can be either branched or unbranched depending on their structure.
- Of the options provided, cellulose is a type of polysaccharide that has a straight, unbranched structure.
- Thus, the correct answer is A, "Cellulose".
Question 36:
From which type of amino acid does our body synthesize proteins?
Topic: Biochemistry - Protein Synthesis
Correct Answer: A) L-amino acids
- Proteins are synthesized in our bodies from amino acids.
- Specifically, our bodies use L-amino acids for protein synthesis, not D-amino acids.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "L-amino acids".
Question 37:
What color pigment is Xanthophyll?
Topic: Biochemistry - Pigments
Correct Answer: C) Yellow
- Xanthophylls are a class of oxygen-containing carotenoid pigments.
- These pigments are responsible for the yellow color found in many plants and vegetables.
- Consequently, the correct answer is C, "Yellow".
Question 38:
What functional group does Ribulose bisphosphate contain in its carbohydrate part?
Topic: Biochemistry - Carbohydrate Structure
Correct Answer: B) Ketone
- Ribulose bisphosphate is a molecule that plays a critical role in photosynthesis and contains a certain functional group.
- It consists of a ketone group within its carbohydrate part, and not an aldehyde or COOH.
- Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Ketone".
Question 39:
Which of the following is a dinucleotide?
Topic: Biochemistry - Nucleotide Structure
Correct Answer: D) None of the above
- Nucleotides can be classified into mononucleotides and dinucleotides, based on the number of nucleotides they contain.
- Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), AMP, and ATP are all mononucleotides, not dinucleotides.
- Hence, the correct answer is D, "None of the above".
Question 40:
What is the most abundant inorganic biological molecule?
Topic: Biochemistry - Biological Molecules
Correct Answer: D) None of the above
- Biological molecules are abundant in living organisms and play important roles in various biological processes.
- However, the most abundant inorganic biological molecule is water, which is not among the given options.
- Consequently, the correct answer is D, "None of the above".
Question 41:
Which of the following is of lipid nature?
Topic: Biochemistry - Lipid Nature
Correct Answer: D) All of the above
- Lipids encompass a broad range of organic compounds in biological systems, including certain hormones.
- Auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin are all plant hormones, and they share a lipid nature.
- Therefore, the correct answer is D, "All of the above".
Question 42:
What type of carbohydrate are sucrose, maltose and lactose?
Topic: Biochemistry - Carbohydrate Types
Correct Answer: B) Disaccharides
- Carbohydrates are grouped into monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides based on the number of sugar units they contain.
- Sucrose, maltose, and lactose each consist of two monosaccharides, making them disaccharides.
- Consequently, the correct answer is B, "Disaccharides".
Question 43:
How many types of amino acids are involved in the synthesis of most proteins?
Topic: Biochemistry - Protein Synthesis
Correct Answer: A) 20
- Proteins, the building blocks of life, are composed of amino acids.
- The synthesis of most proteins involves 20 distinct types of amino acids.
- Hence, the correct answer is A, "20".
Question 44:
What is the phosphate content of nucleosides?
Topic: Biochemistry - Nucleotide Structure
Correct Answer: D) None
- Nucleosides and nucleotides are fundamental components of genetic material.
- A nucleoside is essentially a nucleotide without a phosphate group.
- Therefore, the correct answer is D, "None".
MCQs 45:
What process transforms oil into ghee?
Topic: Biochemistry - Fat Transformation
Correct Answer: A) Hydrogenation
- Ghee, a type of clarified butter, undergoes a certain chemical process for its production from oil.
- This process is hydrogenation, which involves the addition of hydrogen.
- Consequently, the correct answer is A, "Hydrogenation".
MCQs 46:
Waxes are the esters of long-chain fatty acids with which of the following?
Topic: Biochemistry - Lipid Structure
Correct Answer: A) Monohydric alcohol
- Waxes, a type of lipid, are esters formed from long-chain fatty acids.
- These fatty acids combine with monohydric alcohols, not dihydric or polyhydric alcohols or carboxylic acids, to form waxes.
- Hence, the correct answer is A, "Monohydric alcohol".
MCQs 47:
What type of protein is Albumin?
Topic: Biochemistry - Protein Types
Correct Answer: C) Globular
- Proteins in biological systems can be classified into primary, fibrous, and globular types, each with distinct features and roles.
- Albumin, commonly found in blood plasma, falls under the category of globular proteins.
- Thus, the correct answer is C, "Globular".
MCQs 48:
What term is used to describe the amount of heat energy needed to increase the temperature of 1g of water by 1°C?
Topic: Physics - Heat Energy
Correct Answer: A) Specific heat capacity
- Various terms such as specific heat capacity, heat of vaporization, heat of evaporation, and heat of fusion are used to define different aspects of heat energy.
- Specific heat capacity refers to the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of a specific amount of a substance, in this case, 1g of water by 1°C.
- Hence, the correct answer is A, "Specific heat capacity".
MCQs 49:
What are the sub-units of galactose?
Topic: Biochemistry - Carbohydrate Sub-units
Correct Answer: D) None of the above
- Galactose is a monosaccharide, similar to glucose and fructose. Monosaccharides are the simplest form of sugars and cannot be hydrolyzed into smaller units.
- Therefore, it doesn't have sub-units like disaccharides such as sucrose (glucose + fructose) or lactose (glucose + galactose).
- Consequently, the correct answer is D, "None of the above".
MCQs 50:
What is the factor contributing to the diversity of protein molecules?
Topic: Biochemistry - Protein Diversity
Correct Answer: B) Diversity of R groups on the amino acids
- Proteins, composed of amino acids, exhibit extraordinary diversity due to variations in their structures.
- This diversity is driven by the "R" groups, or side chains, of the amino acids, which give each protein its unique properties and function.
- Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Diversity of R groups on the amino acids".
MCQs 51:
Which biological molecule is most abundant in animal cells?
Topic: Cell Biology - Cell Composition
Correct Answer: B) Protein
- Animal cells are composed of various organic and inorganic substances, including water, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
- Proteins, performing a multitude of functions, are the most abundant organic molecule in animal cells.
- Thus, the correct answer is B, "protein".
MCQs 52:
Which of the following is an abnormal form of hemoglobin?
Topic: Biochemistry - Hemoglobin Forms
Correct Answer: B) Hb-S
- Hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells, has several forms such as Hb-A, Hb-S, and Hb-F.
- Hb-S is an abnormal variant found in individuals with sickle cell anemia, a genetic disorder that alters the shape and function of red blood cells.
- Consequently, the correct answer is B, "Hb-S".