Respiration Test 2

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Quiz System
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Question 1:

What is the thin membranous sac encasing each lung called?





Topic: Anatomy and Physiology

Correct Answer: D) Pleura

Detailed Hint:
  • When learning about human anatomy, it's important to understand the different protective layers or sacs that surround our organs.
  • The pericardium is related to the heart, the perichondrium is related to cartilage, and the peritoneum is associated with the kidneys.
  • On the other hand, the pleura is the thin membranous sac that encases each lung, helping to reduce friction and facilitate smooth breathing.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is D, "Pleura".

Question 2:

Which statement accurately describes the adult male vocal cord?





Topic: Human Physiology

Correct Answer: C) Larger with low pitch voice

Detailed Hint:
  • The question revolves around the physiological characteristics of adult male vocal cords.
  • It's important to note that the size of the vocal cords and the pitch of the voice are inversely related: larger vocal cords produce a lower pitch voice, and smaller vocal cords produce a higher pitch voice.
  • In adult males, the vocal cords are generally larger and thus yield a lower pitch voice.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Larger with low pitch voice".

Question 3:

How long is the cone-shaped pharynx in length?





Topic: Human Anatomy

Correct Answer: B) 4.5 inch

Detailed Hint:
  • The question focuses on the anatomical dimensions of the pharynx, a key component of our respiratory and digestive systems.
  • The pharynx is cone-shaped and its length plays a vital role in facilitating processes like swallowing and breathing.
  • In most people, the pharynx measures around 4.5 inches in length.
  • Hence, the correct answer is B, "4.5 inch".

Question 4:

Which system most closely interfaces with specialized respiratory systems for gas exchange between the cells and the environment?





Topic: Human Physiology

Correct Answer: C) The circulatory system

Detailed Hint:
  • This question examines the integrative nature of human organ systems, specifically the respiratory system.
  • The gas exchange between our cells and the environment is a critical physiological process, and it necessitates a close interface between the respiratory system and another body system.
  • The circulatory system fulfills this role, transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from our cells.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is C, "The circulatory system".

Question 5:

In which of the following is Hemocyanin found?





Topic: Biology and Animal Physiology

Correct Answer: D) Mollusks

Detailed Hint:
  • Hemocyanin is a type of respiratory pigment found in certain animal groups that plays a vital role in oxygen transportation.
  • Annelids use chlorocruorin, marine animals use haemoerythrin, and arthropods use hemolymph.
  • However, hemocyanin is typically found in mollusks.
  • Thus, the correct answer is D, "Mollusks".

Question 6:

How much oxygen is there in 100ml of venous blood plasma?





Topic: Human Physiology and Circulatory System

Correct Answer: C) 0.12 ml

Detailed Hint:
  • This question deals with the amount of oxygen present in venous blood plasma, which is crucial for cellular respiration and overall metabolic functions in the human body.
  • Oxygen is transported through our blood system, and the specific amount in the venous blood signifies the oxygen that has been used by the tissues and is returning to the lungs for re-oxygenation.
  • The amount of oxygen in 100ml of venous blood plasma is approximately 0.12 ml.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is C, "0.12 ml".

Question 7:

Which physiological process does breathing exemplify?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: C) Ventilation

Detailed Hint:
  • The process of breathing in humans is a multifaceted biological function that involves several physiological processes.
  • While breathing involves elements of diffusion (exchange of gases) and can lead to cellular respiration, it is most directly described as ventilation.
  • Ventilation refers to the mechanics of inhalation and exhalation, the process of moving air in and out of the lungs.
  • As such, the correct answer is C, "Ventilation".

MCQs 8:

What is the average amount of oxygen humans intake per minute?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: B) 250 ml3

Detailed Hints:
  • This question focuses on the oxygen consumption in humans, an important aspect of respiratory physiology.
  • Oxygen intake varies from person to person, but on average, a resting adult inhales about 250 ml of oxygen per minute.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is B, "250 ml3".

MCQs 9:

What is the role of surfactant secreted by Type-II alveolus cells?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: C) Both

Detailed Hints:
  • This question examines the function of surfactant, a specific substance secreted by Type-II alveolus cells.
  • Surfactant has dual roles: it decreases the surface tension in alveoli, aiding in lung expansion during inhalation, and it possesses antimicrobial properties, helping in the defense against pathogens.
  • Thus, the correct answer is C, "Both".

MCQs 10:

How many molecules of oxygen can one hemocyanin molecule carry?





Topic: Biochemistry and Respiratory Physiology

Correct Answer: D) None

Detailed Hints:
  • This question delves into the biochemistry of respiratory pigments, specifically hemocyanin.
  • Unlike hemoglobin, which can carry up to four oxygen molecules, hemocyanin can bind with only one oxygen molecule at a time.
  • Hence, the correct answer is D, "None".

MCQs 11:

Which of the following is not a function of nasal mucus?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: C) Helps in warming the air

Detailed Hints:
  • This question pertains to the functions of nasal mucus within the respiratory system.
  • Nasal mucus performs multiple roles, including acting as a physical barrier against pathogens, filtering the air, and moistening incoming air.
  • However, the warming of the air is primarily a function of blood capillaries present in the nasal cavity and not of the mucus.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Helps in warming the air".

MCQs 12:

Which of the following statements accurately describes the right lung in humans?





Topic: Human Anatomy and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: C) Consists of three lobes

Detailed Hints:
  • This question focuses on the anatomical characteristics of the right lung in humans.
  • The right lung, contrary to option A, is actually larger than the left lung and accounts for approximately 56% of the total lung volume, thereby invalidating option B.
  • The unique feature of the right lung is its three-lobed structure, unlike the left lung, which has only two lobes.
  • Thus, the correct answer is C, "Consists of three lobes".

MCQs 13:

Which component plays a crucial role in warming the inhaled air?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: D) Blood capillaries

Detailed Hints:
  • The question deals with the physiological mechanism of air warming during inhalation.
  • While nasal hair, cilia, and mucus all play important roles in the process of respiration, none of these are responsible for the actual warming of the air.
  • The warming of the air up to around 30°C, depending on the external temperature, is achieved by the blood capillaries present in the nasal cavity.
  • As such, the correct answer is D, "Blood capillaries".

MCQs 14:

Which statement does not accurately describe the left lung?





Topic: Human Anatomy and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: B) It has a short bronchus

Detailed Hints:
  • This question delves into the characteristics of the left lung in humans.
  • The left lung indeed has 44% of the total lung capacity, thereby validating option A.
  • However, the left main bronchus is not short; it is a long, narrow passageway in the left lung, contradicting option B.
  • Thus, the correct answer is B, "It has a short bronchus".

Question 15:

What is the human voice organ?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: C) Larynx

Detailed Hint:
  • This question deals with the human vocal apparatus and its components.
  • While the mouth, pharynx, and glottis all play a role in the process of vocalization, the actual organ responsible for the production of voice is the larynx.
  • Hence, the correct answer is C, "Larynx".

Question 16:

How many primary bronchi are present in the human respiratory system?





Topic: Human Anatomy and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: B) Two

Detailed Hint:
  • This question explores the anatomical structures of the human respiratory system.
  • The human respiratory system is divided into two primary bronchi, the left and the right bronchi, which connect the trachea to the lungs.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Two".

Question 17:

Which condition will likely increase the rate of carbon dioxide expulsion into the alveoli?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: C) Lowering the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in alveolar air

Detailed Hint:
  • This question addresses factors influencing the rate of carbon dioxide excretion into the alveoli.
  • Holding one's breath, disease-induced alveolar tissue breakdown, or a decrease in pulmonary circulation would not facilitate the expulsion of carbon dioxide.
  • Conversely, a reduction in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveolar air would promote gas exchange, thereby increasing the rate of carbon dioxide excretion.
  • Thus, the correct answer is C, "Lowering the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in alveolar air".

Question 18:

What is the diameter of a bronchiole?





Topic: Human Anatomy and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: D) 1 mm

Detailed Hint:
  • This question pertains to the measurements of the respiratory system's anatomical structures.
  • Bronchioles, smaller airway branches, have a diameter of 1 mm or less, while alveoli, tiny air sacs, are approximately 0.1 μm in diameter.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is D, "1 mm".

Question 19:

Which of the following factors most effectively escalates the breathing rate in humans?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: D) Carbon dioxide surplus in the blood

Detailed Hint:
  • This question explores the primary factors that stimulate an increase in the human breathing rate.
  • While oxygen deficiency in the blood or tissues and excess carbon dioxide in the lungs can affect the breathing rate, the most potent stimulus for increasing the breathing rate is an excess of carbon dioxide in the blood.
  • Hence, the correct answer is D, "Carbon dioxide surplus in the blood".

Question 20:

In which of the following is Hemerythrin found?





Topic: Comparative Physiology

Correct Answer: D) Marine animals

Detailed Hint:
  • This question is about Hemerythrin, a respiratory pigment found in certain marine animals.
  • Hemocyanin is present in Mollusks, while chlorocruorin is found in Annelids.
  • However, Hemerythrin is typically found in Marine Animals, validating option D.
  • Hence, the correct answer is D, "Marine animals".

Question 21:

Which of the following sequences correctly represents the airflow in the human respiratory system?





Topic: Human Anatomy and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: D) Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchus, Bronchiole, Alveolus

Detailed Hint:
  • This question deals with the correct sequence of airflow in the human respiratory system.
  • The correct sequence is Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchus, Bronchiole, Alveolus, as air first enters the Pharynx, then passes through the Larynx, and follows the remaining path.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is D, "Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchus, Bronchiole, Alveolus".

Question 22:

What are Surfactants?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: B) Lipoprotein

Detailed Hint:
  • The question is asking about the biochemical nature of Surfactants, crucial in maintaining the structure of the alveoli in the lungs.
  • Surfactants are not Glycoproteins or Galactoses. They are a type of Lipoprotein.
  • Thus, the correct answer is B, "Lipoprotein".

Question 23:

What are the cells in the lung known as?





Topic: Human Anatomy and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: A) Pneumocytes

Detailed Hint:
  • This question calls for knowledge on cell types in specific organs, specifically the lungs.
  • The cells in the lungs are known as Pneumocytes, not Phagocytes or Osteocytes.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Pneumocytes".

Question 24:

Which is the primary method of oxygen transport in the blood?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: B) Bound to hemoglobin

Detailed Hint:
  • The question examines the main method by which oxygen is carried in the blood.
  • While oxygen can be transported by being dissolved in plasma, as bicarbonate, or in water, the primary method is when it is bound to hemoglobin.
  • Hence, the correct answer is B, "Bound to hemoglobin".

Question 25:

What is the color of deoxygenated chlorocruorin?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: D) No color

Detailed Hint:
  • This question pertains to the color of respiratory pigments when deoxygenated.
  • Chlorocruorin, a form of respiratory pigment, is colorless when deoxygenated.
  • Consequently, the correct answer is D, "No color".

Question 26:

What is the approximate weight of an adult's lungs?





Topic: Human Anatomy and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: C) 1.3 kg

Detailed Hint:
  • The question is about the average weight of an adult's lungs.
  • The lungs are not as heavy as 1.4 kg, nor as light as 1.1 kg or 1.2 kg.
  • The approximate weight of an adult's lungs is 1.3 kg.
  • Hence, the correct answer is C, "1.3 kg".

Question 27:

What molecule carries oxygen in annelids?





Topic: Comparative Physiology

Correct Answer: C) Chlorocruorin

Detailed Hint:
  • The question is about the specific molecule responsible for oxygen transport in annelids.
  • Hemerythrin is found in marine animals and Hemocyanin in mollusks, but Chlorocruorin is found in annelids.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Chlorocruorin".

Question 28:

Which type of protein is the special bicarbonate chloride carrier?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: C) Antiporter

Detailed Hint:
  • The question pertains to a specific type of protein that serves as a carrier for bicarbonate chloride.
  • This protein is not a Uniporter or Symporter, but an Antiporter, which moves two substances in opposite directions.
  • As a result, the correct answer is C, "Antiporter".

MCQs 29:

By what percentage is the right lung larger than the left lung?





Topic: Human Anatomy and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: B) 30%

Detailed Hint:
  • The question explores the difference in size between the right and left lungs.
  • The right lung is not 20%, 40%, or 50% larger than the left lung.
  • The right lung is roughly 30% larger.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is B, "30%".

MCQs 30:

At what pressure in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) does oxygen get released from hemoglobin in human cells or tissues?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: A) 80mm of Hg

Detailed Hint:
  • The question deals with the specific pressure at which oxygen is liberated from hemoglobin.
  • It's not when the pressure drops below 70mm of Hg, 50mm of Hg, or 60mm of Hg.
  • Oxygen is released when the pressure falls below 80mm of Hg.
  • Consequently, the correct answer is A, "80mm of Hg".

MCQs 31:

In which part of the respiratory system can one find the elastin protein?





Topic: Human Anatomy and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: B) Alveoli

Detailed Hint:
  • This question is about the specific location of the elastin protein within the respiratory system.
  • Elastin is not found in all parts of the respiratory system, nor exclusively in the trachea or bronchi.
  • Elastin protein is located in the alveoli.
  • Hence, the correct answer is B, "Alveoli".

MCQs 32:

Where can one find the horse shoe shaped cartilage rings?





Topic: Human Anatomy and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: B) Trachea

Detailed Hint:
  • This question is about where in the respiratory system there are horse shoe shaped cartilage rings.
  • They are not present in the Larynx, Bronchi, or Bronchioles.
  • These rings, which help prevent closure, are found in the Trachea, which has 16-20 incomplete horse shoe shaped rings.
  • So, the correct answer is B, "Trachea".

MCQs 33:

What color does chlorocruorin have when oxygenated?





Topic: Animal Physiology

Correct Answer: B) Green

Detailed Hint:
  • The question pertains to the color of chlorocruorin when it binds with oxygen.
  • Oxygenated Chlorocruorin does not turn Red, Blue, or Yellow.
  • When Chlorocruorin is oxygenated, it becomes Green in color.
  • Hence, the correct answer is B, "Green".

MCQs 34:

As what form does most of the carbon dioxide leave the capillary bed?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: B) Bicarbonate ions

Detailed Hint:
  • The question is about the primary form in which carbon dioxide exits the capillary bed.
  • Most of the carbon dioxide does not leave as Carbonate ions, Hydrogen ions, or Hydroxyl ions.
  • The majority of carbon dioxide leaves the capillary bed as Bicarbonate ions.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Bicarbonate ions".

MCQs 35:

What serves as the respiratory surface in the human respiratory system?





Topic: Human Anatomy and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: D) Alveoli

Detailed Hint:
  • This question deals with identifying the primary site for gas exchange in the human respiratory system.
  • The Larynx, Trachea, or Bronchi are not the main surfaces where respiratory exchange occurs.
  • Alveoli, the basic structural and functional units of the respiratory system, are the sites of actual gas exchange.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is D, "Alveoli".

MCQ 36:

What type of epithelium is present in the alveoli?





Topic: Human Anatomy and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: D) Squamous epithelium

Detailed Hint:
  • This question is concerned with the type of epithelium found in the alveoli.
  • The epithelium in the alveoli is not ciliated, cuboidal, or dry.
  • Squamous epithelium is found in the alveoli.
  • Hence, the correct answer is D, "Squamous epithelium".

MCQ 37:

Which part of hemoglobin does CO2 attach to?





Topic: Human Physiology and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: C) Globin part

Detailed Hint:
  • The question asks specifically about the site on hemoglobin where CO2 binds.
  • CO2 does not attach to the Iron part, Haem part, or Pyruvate ring of hemoglobin.
  • CO2 binds to the Globin part of hemoglobin.
  • As a result, the correct answer is C, "Globin part".

MCQ 38:

Which of the following is not a component of the larynx?





Topic: Human Anatomy and Respiratory System

Correct Answer: D) None of the above

Detailed Hint:
  • The question is trying to identify an element that isn't present in the larynx.
  • The larynx contains a cartilage plate and muscles. It is also lined with a mucous membrane.
  • Thus, all the options listed are actually components of the larynx.
  • The correct answer is D, "None of the above".
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