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Question 1:

What is the name of the valve that connects the Ilium to the Caecum?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: B) Ileocecal Valve

Detailed Hints:
  • The human digestive system is composed of multiple organs and valves that facilitate the digestion process.
  • The Ileocecal valve plays a crucial role in this system, acting as a connection between the Ilium and the Caecum.
  • Among the provided options, the Ileocecal valve is the correct choice (Option B), as it specifically connects these two parts.
  • Thus, the correct answer is B, "Ileocecal Valve".

Question 2:

What is the role of Lacteals in the absorption process within the human body?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: B) They absorb Fatty Acids

Detailed Hints:
  • Digestion involves various intricate processes, including absorption of nutrients.
  • Lacteals, specialized vessels in the small intestine, play a pivotal role in absorption.
  • They are primarily known for absorbing fatty acids, as given in option B, while other components like carbohydrates and proteins are absorbed by villi.
  • Therefore, the correct response is B, "They absorb Fatty Acids".

Question 3:

What is the primary function of the Intrinsic factor in the human body?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: A) It aids Calcium absorption

Detailed Hints:
  • The Intrinsic factor is a glycoprotein secreted by the stomach's parietal cells.
  • It is crucial for the absorption of vitamin B12, a process that indirectly facilitates calcium absorption, making option A accurate.
  • So, the right answer is A, "It aids Calcium absorption".

Question 4:

What percentage of the pancreatic mass comprises the Islets of Langerhans?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: D) None of the above

Detailed Hints:
  • The pancreas, an essential organ in the human body, is majorly comprised of acinar cells.
  • The Islets of Langerhans, an integral part of the pancreas, account for a minor fraction of the organ's mass.
  • As per current understanding, they make up around 2% of the pancreatic mass, which is not represented in any of the given options.
  • Thus, the correct answer is D, "None of the above".

Question 5:

Identify the function that is not performed by the liver.





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: B) Insulin Production

Detailed Hints:
  • The liver, a vital organ in the human body, performs a myriad of functions.
  • These functions include food storage, creating digestive juices, and regenerating itself when damaged.
  • However, the production of insulin, a critical hormone for glucose regulation, is not done by the liver but rather by pancreatic cells, specifically the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans.
  • Hence, option B is correct.

Question 6:

What is the name of the sphincter located at the end of the ampulla of Vater?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: B) Sphincter of Oddi

Detailed Hints:
  • The digestive system comprises many small and large components, including several sphincters.
  • Specifically, at the end of the ampulla of Vater, we find the Sphincter of Oddi. This muscle controls the flow of digestive juices from the pancreas and gallbladder into the duodenum.
  • Therefore, among the given choices, the Sphincter of Oddi (option B) is the correct answer.

Question 7:

Which enzyme is present in bile?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: D) None of the Above

Detailed Hints:
  • Bile is a digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
  • It is composed of water, bile salts, cholesterol, phospholipids, and electrolytes, which give it a characteristic yellow-green color.
  • Contrary to popular belief, bile does not contain any enzymes. Therefore, option D, "None of the Above," is the correct response.

Question 8:

Which type of cells is responsible for the secretion of pancreatic enzymes?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: A) Acinar Cells

Detailed Hints:
  • The pancreas, an essential organ in the human digestive system, is composed of various cell types.
  • Among them, the Acinar cells are known for secreting pancreatic enzymes.
  • On the other hand, Centro-acinar cells and intercalated duct cells are responsible for secreting water and electrolytes.
  • Thus, the correct answer is A, "Acinar Cells".

MCQs 9:

Where is the process of chemical digestion completed?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: B) Jejunum

Detailed Hints:
  • Chemical digestion, an essential step in food breakdown, occurs at various stages within the digestive system.
  • However, the completion of this process takes place in the jejunum, a part of the small intestine.
  • Therefore, among the given alternatives, option B, "Jejunum," is the most accurate answer.
  • So, the correct answer is B, "Jejunum."

MCQs 10:

Which function is not performed by the small intestine?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: D) Transporting residue to the anal canal

Detailed Hints:
  • The small intestine plays a crucial role in the human digestive process, performing multiple functions.
  • It receives secretions from the pancreas and liver, completes the digestion of nutrients, and absorbs the products of digestion.
  • However, the transportation of residue to the anal canal is not carried out by the small intestine, but rather by the large intestine.
  • Therefore, the correct response is D, "Transporting residue to the anal canal."

MCQs 11:

Which of these does not possess an enzyme for digesting lipids?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: D) None of the Above

Detailed Hints:
  • The process of lipid digestion begins in the mouth and continues in the stomach and duodenum, each of which has relevant enzymes.
  • However, when considering the options provided, it is clear that all the listed organs - the mouth, stomach, and duodenum - contribute to lipid digestion.
  • Consequently, option D, "None of the Above," is the correct answer.
  • Thus, the right answer is D, "None of the Above."

MCQs 12:

In which part of the digestive system does a significant part of chemical digestion occur?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: B) Duodenum

Detailed Hints:
  • Chemical digestion is a crucial step in the digestive process, occurring at different stages within the system.
  • The duodenum, under secretion of the liver (bile) and pancreas, is the site where much of this chemical digestion occurs.
  • Therefore, option B, "Duodenum," accurately represents the site of significant chemical digestion.
  • So, the correct answer is B, "Duodenum."

MCQs 13:

What is the nature of bile juice?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: A) Alkaline

Detailed Hints:
  • Bile juice, a digestive fluid, has a characteristic pH that facilitates its function.
  • Contrary to being acidic, neutral, or near acidic, bile juice is alkaline in nature, which aids in the emulsification and digestion of fats.
  • Hence, the correct option is A, "Alkaline."
  • Thus, the right answer is A, "Alkaline."

MCQs 14:

The macrophages known as Kupffer cells belong to which organ?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: C) Liver

Detailed Hints:
  • Macrophages are crucial cells of the immune system, present in different organs, and play a role in the detection, phagocytosis, and destruction of bacteria and other harmful organisms.
  • The Kupffer cells represent a specific type of macrophage located in the liver, thereby making option C, "Liver," the accurate response.
  • Thus, the correct answer is C, "Liver."

MCQs 15:

Where can one locate the Brunner’s glands?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: B) Small intestine

Detailed Hints:
  • The digestive system comprises various glands that play important roles in digestion.
  • Brunner's glands, which secrete an alkaline fluid composed of mucus, bicarbonate, and urogastrone, are located in the submucosa of the duodenum of the small intestine.
  • Therefore, the right answer is B, "Small intestine."

Question 16:

Which part of the digestive system includes the appendix?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: C) Caecum

Detailed Hints:
  • The appendix, an organ of the digestive system, is a small tube attached to a larger one.
  • More specifically, it is connected to the cecum, the first section of the large intestine.
  • Hence, the most accurate option is C, "Caecum".
  • Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Caecum".

Question 17:

What activates the enzyme Chymotrypsinogen?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: C) Trypsin enzyme

Detailed Hints:
  • Enzyme activation is a key process in digestion, where inactive enzymes are converted into their active forms.
  • Chymotrypsinogen, an inactive enzyme, is activated by the trypsin enzyme, not by enterokinase or the amylase enzyme.
  • Hence, the most accurate option is C, "Trypsin enzyme".
  • Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Trypsin enzyme".

Question 18:

Which substance is secreted by the centro acinar cells of the pancreas?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: C) Electrolyte

Detailed Hints:
  • The pancreas comprises various cell groups, each with unique secretory functions.
  • The centro acinar cells, in particular, are responsible for the secretion of electrolytes, not pancreatic amylase or all pancreatic enzymes.
  • Thus, option C, "Electrolyte", is the correct response.
  • So, the correct answer is C, "Electrolyte".

Question 19:

Which protein facilitates the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: C) Intrinsic factor

Detailed Hints:
  • The absorption of certain nutrients in the digestive system is aided by specific proteins.
  • In the case of vitamin B12, its absorption in the small intestine is facilitated by the intrinsic factor, not the extrinsic factor, and it certainly does occur.
  • Consequently, the accurate answer is C, "Intrinsic factor".
  • Thus, the right answer is C, "Intrinsic factor".

Question 20:

What is the optimum pH level for the activity of pancreatic amylase?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: D) 7

Detailed Hints:
  • Each enzyme in the human body has a specific optimal pH at which it functions most effectively.
  • Pancreatic amylase is a crucial digestive enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates, and it functions best at a pH of 7.
  • This rules out options A, B, and C, leaving us with D, "7", as the correct answer.

Question 21:

Which statement about the large intestine's function is incorrect?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: D) Digestive activity remains high in the large intestine

Detailed Hints:
  • The large intestine plays a significant role in the human digestive system, including water and electrolyte absorption, mucus secretion, and faecal formation.
  • However, it is not accurate that the large intestine maintains a high level of digestive activity, as most digestion occurs earlier in the digestive process.
  • Therefore, the incorrect statement is D, "Digestive activity remains high in the large intestine".

Question 22:

Which substance undergoes primary digestion in the stomach?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: B) Proteins

Detailed Hints:
  • Different macronutrients are digested primarily at different stages of the digestive process.
  • In the case of the stomach, the primary macronutrient digested is protein, not carbohydrates or both.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Proteins".

Question 23:

In which organ is ammonia produced?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: A) Liver

Detailed Hints:
  • The human body generates several byproducts during the breakdown of nutrients.
  • The protein breakdown particularly results in the formation of ammonia, which primarily occurs in the liver, not the stomach, small intestine, or large intestine.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Liver".

Question 24:

What is the smallest segment of the small intestine?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: A) Duodenum

Short Hint:
  • The small intestine is a significant part of the digestive system composed of three sections: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
  • The shortest segment among these is the duodenum, measuring approximately 12 inches. It isn't the jejunum or ileum, and they certainly aren't all equal in size.
  • Hence, the correct answer is A, "Duodenum".

Question 25:

What percentage of peptic ulcers are attributed to bacterial infection?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: D) 60%

Short Hint:
  • Peptic ulcers have various causes, with bacterial infection being one of the most common.
  • Specifically, about 60% of peptic ulcers are caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, not 30%, 35%, or 64%.
  • Hence, the correct answer is D, "60%".

Question 26:

What is the epiglottis primarily made of?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: B) Cartilage

Short Hint:
  • The epiglottis plays a critical role in the human digestive system by preventing food and drink from entering the windpipe during swallowing.
  • It's made primarily of cartilage, not muscle or bone, and there is certainly something it's made of, ruling out D.
  • Hence, the correct answer is B, "Cartilage".

Question 27:

What organ or part of the digestive system is primarily stimulated by secretin?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: B) Pancreas

Short Hint:
  • Secretin is a hormone in the digestive system that stimulates several processes.
  • Among them, the stimulation of the pancreas, rather than the stomach or duodenum, is essential for regulating the pH of the duodenum by causing the pancreas to release bicarbonate.
  • This makes B, "Pancreas", the correct answer, ruling out A, C, and D.

Question 28:

Which cells are responsible for the secretion of gastric lipase?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: B) Chief cells

Short Hint:
  • Gastric lipase is a digestive enzyme involved in the breakdown of dietary lipids.
  • Chief cells, not parietal cells, G-cells, or D-cells, located in the stomach lining, are responsible for its secretion.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Chief cells".

Question 29:

What is another name for secretin?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: C) Both A and B

Short Hint:
  • Secretin is a hormone involved in the digestive process with a crucial role in regulating the pH of the gut environment.
  • Interesting nicknames have been attributed to it, such as "Fireman" and "Neutralizing agent," due to its role in counteracting the acidic pH by stimulating the secretion of bicarbonate from the pancreas.
  • Thus, the correct answer is C, "Both A and B".

Question 30:

What digestive enzymes are activated by enterokinase?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: D) None

Short Hint:
  • Enterokinase, an enzyme produced in the duodenum, plays a critical role in the digestion process.
  • However, it primarily activates the enzyme trypsinogen to trypsin, which in turn triggers the activation of other enzymes such as chymotrypsin, elastase, carboxy peptidase, and phospholipase, not Carboxy peptidase or Elastase directly.
  • Hence, the correct answer is D, "None".

Question 31:

Which part of the pancreas is positioned closest to the duodenum?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: A) Head

Short Hint:
  • The pancreas, an essential organ in the digestive system, is made up of several parts, including the head, body, and tail.
  • Among these parts, the head of the pancreas is located in the close vicinity of the duodenum, not the body or tail.
  • Thus, the correct answer is A, "Head".

Question 40:

What role does the soft palate play during swallowing?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: C) It keeps the nasal cavity closed during swallowing.

Detailed Hint:
  • The soft palate, a movable part of the palate, plays a vital role in swallowing.
  • It does not keep the nasal cavity open all the time or during swallowing, nor does it keep the nasal cavity closed at all times.
  • Its primary function is to close the nasal cavity during swallowing to prevent food and liquids from entering the nasal passage.
  • The correct answer is C, "It keeps the nasal cavity closed during swallowing".

Question 41:

Which is considered the primary cause of preventable death?





Topic: Human Health and Disease

Correct Answer: B) Smoking

Detailed Hint:
  • Among the various health risks we confront, certain causes of preventable death stand out prominently.
  • Obesity, blood cancer, and breast cancer are all significant health concerns, but they are not the leading causes of preventable death.
  • Smoking, however, is recognized as the number one preventable cause of death.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Smoking".

Question 42:

What is recognized as the second leading cause of preventable death?





Topic: Human Health and Disease

Correct Answer: B) Obesity

Detailed Hint:
  • When it comes to preventable causes of death, some stand out due to the significant impact they have on public health.
  • While smoking is the leading preventable cause of death, it is not the second.
  • Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are significant health concerns but do not occupy this position.
  • Obesity, however, is identified as the second leading cause of preventable death.
  • Hence, the correct answer is B, "Obesity".

Question 43:

Which stomach cells are responsible for the secretion of Histamine?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: B) Enterochromaffin-like cells

Detailed Hint:
  • Histamine, a vital compound involved in local immune responses, is produced by specific cells in the stomach.
  • D-cells and H-cells are part of the stomach cell structure, but they are not involved in the secretion of Histamine.
  • The responsibility lies with the enterochromaffin-like cells, which are found in the stomach and secrete Histamine.
  • Thus, the correct answer is B, "Enterochromaffin-like cells".

Question 44:

What is the approximate length of the human anal canal?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: D) 1.5 inches

Detailed Hint:
  • The anal canal, an essential part of the digestive tract, has a specific length.
  • The length is not 2.5 cm, 3.5 inches, or 1.5 cm.
  • The anal canal is approximately 1.5 inches long and is comprised of two muscular rings known as internal and external sphincters.
  • Consequently, the correct answer is D, "1.5 inches".

Question 45:

Why is the small intestine primarily responsible for absorption?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: D) All of these

Detailed Hint:
  • The small intestine plays an essential role in digestion, particularly in the absorption of nutrients.
  • Its villi, length, and thin walls all contribute to its absorption capacity.
  • The villi increase the surface area for absorption, its length provides ample space for absorption, and the thin walls allow for efficient transfer of nutrients.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is D, "All of these".

Question 40:

What role does the soft palate play during swallowing?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: C) It keeps the nasal cavity closed during swallowing.

Detailed Hint:
  • The soft palate, a movable part of the palate, plays a vital role in swallowing.
  • It does not keep the nasal cavity open all the time or during swallowing, nor does it keep the nasal cavity closed at all times.
  • Its primary function is to close the nasal cavity during swallowing to prevent food and liquids from entering the nasal passage.
  • The correct answer is C, "It keeps the nasal cavity closed during swallowing".

Question 41:

Which is considered the primary cause of preventable death?





Topic: Human Health and Disease

Correct Answer: B) Smoking

Detailed Hint:
  • Among the various health risks we confront, certain causes of preventable death stand out prominently.
  • Obesity, blood cancer, and breast cancer are all significant health concerns, but they are not the leading causes of preventable death.
  • Smoking, however, is recognized as the number one preventable cause of death.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Smoking".

Question 42:

What is recognized as the second leading cause of preventable death?





Topic: Human Health and Disease

Correct Answer: B) Obesity

Detailed Hint:
  • When it comes to preventable causes of death, some stand out due to the significant impact they have on public health.
  • While smoking is the leading preventable cause of death, it is not the second.
  • Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are significant health concerns but do not occupy this position.
  • Obesity, however, is identified as the second leading cause of preventable death.
  • Hence, the correct answer is B, "Obesity".

Question 43:

Which stomach cells are responsible for the secretion of Histamine?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: B) Enterochromaffin-like cells

Detailed Hint:
  • Histamine, a vital compound involved in local immune responses, is produced by specific cells in the stomach.
  • D-cells and H-cells are part of the stomach cell structure, but they are not involved in the secretion of Histamine.
  • The responsibility lies with the enterochromaffin-like cells, which are found in the stomach and secrete Histamine.
  • Thus, the correct answer is B, "Enterochromaffin-like cells".

Question 44:

What is the approximate length of the human anal canal?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: D) 1.5 inches

Detailed Hint:
  • The anal canal, an essential part of the digestive tract, has a specific length.
  • The length is not 2.5 cm, 3.5 inches, or 1.5 cm.
  • The anal canal is approximately 1.5 inches long and is comprised of two muscular rings known as internal and external sphincters.
  • Consequently, the correct answer is D, "1.5 inches".

Question 45:

Why is the small intestine primarily responsible for absorption?





Topic: Human Digestive System

Correct Answer: D) All of these

Detailed Hint:
  • The small intestine plays an essential role in digestion, particularly in the absorption of nutrients.
  • Its villi, length, and thin walls all contribute to its absorption capacity.
  • The villi increase the surface area for absorption, its length provides ample space for absorption, and the thin walls allow for efficient transfer of nutrients.
  • Therefore, the correct answer is D, "All of these".