intro
MCQs 1:
What is the volume of gastric juice secreted per specific time slot?
Topic: Gastric Secretion Volume
Correct Answer: C) Meal
- The question pertains to the volume of gastric juice secreted in a specific duration.
- The gastric juice secretion varies based on the time and activity, with the maximum being secreted during meals.
- About 400-800 ml of gastric juice is released per meal, making option C the correct choice.
MCQs 2:
Which enzyme present in the gastric juice of many infant mammals causes precipitation of milk protein?
Topic: Enzymes in Gastric Juice
Correct Answer: A) Rennin
- This question focuses on the function of enzymes present in the gastric juice of infant mammals.
- The enzyme Rennin plays a crucial role in the digestion of milk proteins, leading to their precipitation.
- Therefore, option A, "Rennin", is the correct answer.
MCQs 3:
What is the approximate length of the small intestine?
Topic: Human Digestive System
Correct Answer: C) 17 feet
- The question pertains to the physical attributes of the human digestive system, specifically the length of the small intestine.
- The small intestine, crucial for digesting nutrients, measures approximately 17 feet in length.
- Thus, option C is the correct response.
MCQs 4:
What seals the entrance of the windpipe during swallowing?
Topic: Human Digestive System
Correct Answer: A) Epiglottis
- This question asks about the body part that covers the windpipe during the act of swallowing to prevent food from entering it.
- The epiglottis is a flap that serves this exact function, ensuring that food goes down the esophagus and not the windpipe.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Epiglottis".
MCQs 5:
Which type of cells is identified with H+ ATPase?
Topic: Gastric Cells
Correct Answer: C) Parietal cells
- This question is about the specific type of cells that contain H+ ATPase, a transmembrane protein.
- Parietal cells are known to contain H+ ATPase, which secretes H+ ions via active transport, thereby influencing the pH level in gastric juice.
- Therefore, the correct choice is C, "Parietal cells".
MCQs 6:
What causes the movement of food across the digestive system?
Topic: Digestive System Movements
Correct Answer: C) Both A and B
- The question focuses on the process that propels food through the digestive system.
- Both peristalsis (wave-like muscle contractions) and rhythmic contractions play a substantial role in this process.
- Consequently, option C, "Both A and B", is the correct answer.
MCQs 7:
Which gland secretes lingual lipase?
Topic: Digestive Enzymes
Correct Answer: D) Ebner's gland
- The question is concerning the specific gland responsible for the secretion of the enzyme lingual lipase, essential for initiating the digestion of fats.
- Ebner's glands, located on the dorsal surface of the tongue, are responsible for the release of this enzyme.
- Therefore, the correct answer is D, "Ebner's gland".
MCQ 8:
Identify the gland that is not classified under the category of salivary glands.
Topic: Salivary Glands
Correct Answer: D) Ebner's gland
- This question demands the identification of a gland that does not belong to the group of salivary glands.
- While the Parotid, Sublingual, and Submandibular glands are recognized salivary glands, the Ebner's gland, found on the tongue's dorsal surface, is not classified as such.
- Hence, the right choice is D, "Ebner's gland".
MCQ 9:
What is the term for the dome-shaped segment of the stomach?
Topic: Anatomy of the Stomach
Correct Answer: B) Fundus
- This question is about the specific anatomical regions of the stomach.
- The Fundus refers to the rounded, dome-shaped upper part of the stomach.
- Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Fundus".
MCQ 10:
Which enzyme is instrumental in the digestion of carbohydrates?
Topic: Digestive Enzymes
Correct Answer: A) Ptyalin
- This question is asking about the specific enzyme that facilitates the digestion of carbohydrates.
- The enzyme Ptyalin, also known as salivary amylase, is primarily responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth.
- Thus, the right answer is A, "Ptyalin".
MCQ 11:
What is the term for the small oval-shaped food masses created in the mouth during digestion?
Topic: Digestion Process
Correct Answer: C) Bolus
- This question refers to the term used for describing the small, rounded masses of food prepared in the mouth during the initial stages of digestion.
- The term "bolus" is used to describe these small food masses that are ready to be swallowed.
- Thus, the correct answer is C, "Bolus".
MCQ 12:
Which substance is inhibited in the stomach by the secretion of Somatostatin?
Topic: Gastric Secretions
Correct Answer: A) HCl
- The question asks for the specific substance that is inhibited by the secretion of Somatostatin in the stomach.
- Somatostatin is a hormone that inhibits the secretion of HCl in the stomach.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "HCl".
MCQ 13:
What is the largest and central part of the stomach known as?
Topic: Anatomy of the Stomach
Correct Answer: C) Body
- This question focuses on the anatomy of the stomach and asks for the term used for its largest and central part.
- The "body" is the term used to describe the largest and central part of the stomach.
- Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Body".
MCQ 14:
What substance does the protein Intrinsic factor, released by parietal or oxyntic cells, bind to?
Topic: Gastric Secretions and Nutrient Absorption
Correct Answer: C) Both A and B
- This question is concerning the specific substance that the protein Intrinsic factor, secreted by parietal or oxyntic cells, binds to.
- The Intrinsic factor plays a significant role in the absorption of Vitamin B12 and Ca+2.
- Consequently, the correct answer is C, "Both A and B".
MCQ 15:
What is secreted by the stomach's Chief cells?
Topic: Gastric Secretions
Correct Answer: C) Both A and B
- The question seeks to identify the substances secreted by the Chief cells present in the stomach.
- The Chief, or zymogenic cells, are responsible for secreting Pepsin and Gastric lipase.
- Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Both A and B".
Question 16:
Which stage of swallowing is performed voluntarily?
Topic: Stages of Swallowing
Correct Answer: A) Oral
- This question is about identifying the stage of swallowing that is under voluntary control.
- The Oral stage is the only part of swallowing that is voluntarily controlled, while the other stages are reflexive.
- So, the correct answer is A, "Oral".
Question 17:
Approximately how many seconds does it take for food to travel from the mouth to the stomach?
Topic: Digestive Process
Correct Answer: C) 4-8 seconds
- The question is about the time duration it takes for food to move from the mouth to the stomach.
- Given the natural physiological process of digestion, it generally takes around 4-8 seconds for food to travel this distance.
- Therefore, the correct answer is C, "4-8 seconds".
Question 18:
What is the typical volume of gastric gland secretion during a meal?
Topic: Gastric Secretions
Correct Answer: C) 400-800 ml
- This question is asking about the average volume of gastric gland secretion produced during the consumption of a meal.
- During a meal, gastric glands typically generate between 400-800 ml of gastric secretion.
- Consequently, the correct answer is C, "400-800 ml".
Question 19:
Which substances are absorbed in the stomach?
Topic: Gastric Absorption
Correct Answer: D) All of the Above
- The question pertains to the specific substances that can be absorbed in the stomach.
- Alcohol, water, and certain drugs like aspirin are among the substances that the stomach can absorb directly into the bloodstream.
- Therefore, the correct answer is D, "All of the Above".
Question 20:
Which parts of the brain regulate the swallowing process?
Topic: Neurological Control of Swallowing
Correct Answer: B) Pons and oblongata
- This question examines the understanding of the neurological regulation of the swallowing process.
- Swallowing is primarily controlled by the medulla oblongata and the pons, two regions of the brain.
- Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Pons and oblongata".
Question 21:
Among the following, which is an endocrine gland?
Topic: Endocrine vs Exocrine Glands
Correct Answer: C) Gastrin
- The question is related to differentiating between endocrine and exocrine glands.
- Endocrine glands, such as Gastrin, are ductless and secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.
- Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Gastrin".
Question 22:
What does Histamine stimulate the secretion of?
Topic: Role of Histamine in Gastric Secretions
Correct Answer: C) HCl
- This question is concerning the role of Histamine in gastric secretion.
- Histamine plays a pivotal role in stimulating the release of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach.
- Therefore, the correct answer is C, "HCl".
Question 23:
How much gastric juice is typically secreted with each meal?
Topic: Gastric Juice Secretion Per Meal
Correct Answer: B) 400 – 800 ml
- This question refers to the volume of gastric juice secreted at every meal.
- Typically, each meal triggers the secretion of around 400 - 800 ml of gastric juice.
- As such, the correct answer is B, "400 – 800 ml".
Question 24:
Which substance is secreted by the Delta cells of the stomach?
Topic: Secretions of Stomach's Delta Cells
Correct Answer: D) Somatostatin
- This question is about the secretions of the Delta cells in the stomach.
- Delta cells are primarily responsible for the secretion of Somatostatin.
- Thus, the correct answer is D, "Somatostatin".
Question 25:
In which part of the digestive system is mechanical digestion completed?
Topic: Completion of Mechanical Digestion
Correct Answer: B) Stomach
- This question pertains to the site where mechanical digestion is completed.
- Mechanical digestion begins in the mouth and is completed in the stomach.
- So, the correct answer is B, "Stomach".
Question 26:
What helps the bolus move down to the stomach?
Topic: Movement of Bolus
Correct Answer: C) Both Gravity and Reflex action
- This question is assessing knowledge of the physiological factors that enable the bolus (or chewed food) to travel down to the stomach.
- The bolus's descent to the stomach is facilitated by both the force of gravity and the body's reflex actions.
- Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Both Gravity and Reflex action".
Question 27:
Which substance is primarily responsible for protecting the stomach lining?
Topic: Stomach Lining Protection
Correct Answer: A) Mucus
- The question pertains to understanding what safeguards the stomach lining.
- The mucus serves as a barrier that prevents the stomach lining from being damaged by the acidic environment inside the stomach.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Mucus".
Question 28:
Which cells in the stomach are responsible for the synthesis and secretion of pepsinogen?
Topic: Gastric Cell Functions
Correct Answer: A) Chief cells
- This question is about identifying the specific gastric cells responsible for producing and releasing pepsinogen.
- Chief cells in the stomach are responsible for this crucial digestive function.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Chief cells".
Question 29:
Which substance or substances are secreted by mucus-secreting cells?
Topic: Functions of Mucus-Secreting Cells
Correct Answer: C) Both Bicarbonates and Mucus
- This question tests your understanding of the role and function of mucus-secreting cells.
- These cells not only secrete mucus but also bicarbonates, which help neutralize stomach acid.
- Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Both Bicarbonates and Mucus".
Question 30:
What is the possible concentration of H+ ions in gastric juices?
Topic: Gastric Juice Composition
Correct Answer: A) 0.15 M
- This question explores your knowledge about the composition of gastric juices, specifically the concentration of H+ ions.
- A concentration of 0.15 M is the most realistic among the options given.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "0.15 M".
Question 31:
Which of the following can function as an endocrine gland?
Topic: Endocrine Function of Digestive System
Correct Answer: C) Stomach
- The question pertains to understanding the endocrine functions of various parts of the digestive system.
- The stomach's gastric glands secrete a variety of enzymes, thereby performing an endocrine function.
- Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Stomach".
Question 32:
Which of the following is absorbed in the stomach?
Topic: Stomach Absorption
Correct Answer: C) Iron
- This question relates to the absorption capabilities of the stomach.
- The stomach is capable of absorbing certain substances, including specific ions like iron.
- As such, the correct answer is C, "Iron".
MCQs 33:
Which types of cells in the stomach are responsible for the release of gastric lipase and pepsinogen?
Topic: Cell Functions in the Stomach
Correct Answer: B) Chief cells or zymogen cells
- This question pertains to the different types of cells in the stomach and their roles.
- The Chief cells, also known as zymogen cells, are responsible for secreting pepsinogen and gastric lipase.
- Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Chief cells or zymogen cells".
MCQs 34:
What is the maximum capacity of the stomach?
Topic: Stomach Capacity
Correct Answer: D) 4L
- This question is about understanding the maximum volume that the human stomach can hold.
- The stomach can expand significantly after a meal, potentially holding up to 4 liters of content.
- Therefore, the correct answer is D, "4L".
MCQs 36:
Which enzyme is instrumental in the breakdown of carbohydrates?
Topic: Enzymes and Carbohydrate Digestion
Correct Answer: A) Ptyalin
- This question seeks to test your understanding of the specific enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion.
- Ptyalin, also known as salivary amylase, plays a key role in the initial stages of carbohydrate breakdown.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Ptyalin".
MCQs 37:
Which muscles facilitate the process of mastication?
Topic: Muscles Involved in Mastication
Correct Answer: A) Masseter and temporalis
- This question is designed to assess your knowledge of the muscles that contribute to the mastication process.
- The Masseter and Temporalis muscles are major muscles involved in chewing or mastication.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Masseter and temporalis".
MCQs 38:
Which type of teeth are specialized for cutting?
Topic: Types of Teeth
Correct Answer: B) Incisor
- This question tests your knowledge about the different types of teeth and their specific uses in the process of eating.
- Incisors are the sharp, chisel-shaped front teeth (four upper, four lower) used for cutting food.
- Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Incisor".
MCQs 39:
What part of the body regulates the swallowing process?
Topic: Swallowing Mechanism
Correct Answer: C) Medulla oblongata
- This question assesses your understanding of the physiological process of swallowing and the associated control centers in the body.
- The act of swallowing is coordinated by the medulla oblongata and the pons, key areas of the brainstem.
- Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Medulla oblongata".
Question 40:
Which enzymes can be found in gastric juices?
Topic: Gastric Juice Composition
Correct Answer: C) Both A and B
- This question is intended to evaluate your knowledge of the enzymatic composition of gastric juices.
- Gastric juices contain a mix of enzymes, including proteases for protein digestion and lipase for fat breakdown.
- Therefore, the correct answer is C, "Both A and B".
Question 41:
What is the substance secreted by the ECL cells of the stomach?
Topic: Function of ECL Cells
Correct Answer: A) Histamine
- This question is about the role of different cells present in the stomach.
- Enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, located in the stomach lining, are known to secrete the compound histamine.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Histamine".
Question 42:
What cells in the stomach are responsible for secreting the intrinsic factor?
Topic: Cells and Secretions in the Stomach
Correct Answer: B) Parietal cells
- This question tests your knowledge about the secretions of various cells in the stomach.
- Parietal cells, found in the walls of the stomach, are responsible for producing the intrinsic factor.
- Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Parietal cells".
Question 43:
What is another name for the esophageal sphincter?
Topic: Terminology of Digestive System Structures
Correct Answer: D) Cardiac sphincter
- This question asks for an alternative name for a specific part of the digestive system.
- The esophageal sphincter, which controls the passage of food from the esophagus into the stomach, is also commonly referred to as the cardiac sphincter.
- Therefore, the correct answer is D, "Cardiac sphincter".
Question 44:
Which bone does the mandible refer to?
Topic: Anatomy of the Jaw
Correct Answer: B) Lower jaw
- This question aims to test your understanding of basic human anatomy, specifically the jaw structure.
- The mandible refers to the lower jawbone, which is a major component of the human skeletal system.
- Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Lower jaw".
Question 45:
Into what does the stomach convert food?
Topic: Digestive Processes in the Stomach
Correct Answer: B) Chyme
- This question assesses your knowledge about the digestion process and the transformation of food as it moves through the digestive tract.
- In the stomach, food is converted into a semi-fluid mass known as chyme, which is then passed on to the small intestine for further digestion.
- Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Chyme".