Inheritance test 4

The number of unique gametes produced by an organism depends on the number of heterozygous gene pairs, denoted as 'n'.

A general formula to find this is 2^n.

In this case, n equals 3, hence the number of unique gametes is 2^3 = 2x2x2 = 8.

So, the correct answer is B, "8".

Human blood groups are determined by the presence of certain antigens, controlled by three alleles - A, B, and I.

Among them, A and B are co-dominant, meaning that both exert their influence when present together.

I is a recessive allele, exerting its influence only when A and B are absent.

So, the correct answer is B, "Control by 3 alleles with A and B being co-dominant, and I being recessive".

The gene combination RRYY represents a homozygous condition for two gene pairs.

In such a case, since there are no alternative forms of the gene (alleles), only one type of gamete can be produced.

So, the correct answer is A, "1".

The term "gene" was coined by Danish botanist Wilhelm Johannsen in the year 1909.

This marked a significant milestone in the field of genetic research.

So, the correct answer is B, "1909".

Dominant traits in pea plants, as discovered by Gregor Mendel, include purple flowers and green pods.

White flowers and yellow pods are actually recessive traits.

Therefore, neither white flowers (Option A) nor yellow pods (Option B) are dominant traits.

So, the correct answer is D, "None of the above".

Gene linkage is a phenomenon where genes that are located close to each other on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together.

A test cross, which involves crossing an individual with a homozygous recessive individual, is commonly used to detect gene linkage.

So, the correct answer is B, "Test cross".

The ABO blood group system is an example of a qualitative trait, a category that encompasses traits controlled by a single gene pair.

These are traits with clear and distinct phenotypic classes.

So, the correct answer is A, "Qualitative genetics".

The concept of the 'gene' is critical in understanding genetics and heredity.

This term was first introduced by the scientist named Johnnson.

This historical development marked a significant advance in genetic research.

Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Johnnson".

Recessive genes express their phenotypic effect only when the individual is homozygous for that particular trait.

Hemophilia, a blood-clotting disorder, is one such trait in humans controlled by a recessive gene.

This means the gene for hemophilia is expressed when an individual has two copies of it.

So, the correct answer is B, "Hemophilia".

A phenotype refers to the physical manifestation of a trait, influenced by the organism's genetic makeup.

In cases where a trait has three distinct phenotypes, a minimum of two alleles must be present to account for this variation.

These could be a pair of co-dominant alleles or a combination of dominant and recessive alleles.

Thus, the correct answer is A, "02".

An X-linked dominant trait is one where a mutation in a gene on the X chromosome causes the phenotype to be expressed.

In the given options, neither Alper's syndrome (Option A) nor Diabetes insipidus (Option B) are X-linked dominant traits.

Therefore, the correct answer is D, "None of the above".

Gametes are reproductive cells that carry one copy of each genetic trait.

The genotype RrYy will produce four different types of gametes (RY, Ry, rY, ry) due to the law of independent assortment.

Thus, the correct answer is D, "4".

Unlike mammalian red blood cells, bird red blood cells (Option A) do possess a nucleus.

An Erythroblast (Option B) is an immature red blood cell and also contains a nucleus during its developmental stage.

Hence, the correct answer is C, "Both A and B".

The ABO blood group system is determined by the ABO gene, which has three allelic variants: A, B, and O.

Blood group A can be achieved by two genotypes: AA, AO.

Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Two".

Humulin, a human insulin, is produced by a gene located on a specific chromosome.

The humulin gene is found on chromosome number 11.

Hence, the correct answer is B, "11".

The probability of offspring having a specific blood group depends on both parents' blood group genotypes.

A male with an AB blood group can produce offspring with AB blood group only if the female also has either AB or A or B blood group.

The exact percentage cannot be determined without knowing the genotype of the other parent.

Thus, the correct response is D, "None of the above".

The H-substance is a precursor in the biosynthesis of ABO blood group antigens.

The gene responsible for producing H-substance is located on a specific chromosome.

Chromosome 19 is where the H-substance gene is found.

Thus, the right answer is B, "19".

Recombination frequency refers to the likelihood of crossing-over occurring between two genes on a chromosome.

This recombination frequency is directly proportional to the distance between the genes – the further apart the genes are, the more likely recombination is to occur.

Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Directly proportional".

The inheritance of linked genes, which are genes located close together on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together, is known as a specific form of inheritance.

This type of inheritance is referred to as on-block inheritance because the linked genes are passed on as a block from parents to offspring.

Hence, the correct answer is A, "On-block inheritance".

Hemophilia is a sex-linked recessive trait, which means it's carried on the X chromosome.

A haemophilic male (XhY) marrying a carrier female (XHXh) will have a 50% chance of producing haemophilic sons (XhY).

Therefore, the correct answer is B, "50%".

In a monohybrid cross involving dominant (RR) and recessive (rr) traits, the F1 generation will all be heterozygous (Rr), displaying the dominant trait.

In the F2 generation, according to Mendel's law of segregation, the ratio of red to white-eyed flies will be 3:1.

Hence, the correct answer is A, "3:1".

The ABO blood grouping system and the Rh factor are key concepts in the field of human blood classification.

Both the ABO and Rh blood groups were first identified by Karl Landsteiner.

Thus, the correct answer is C, "Both ABO and Rh blood groups".

When considering the inheritance of blood type, the AB male can only contribute an A or B allele.

The O-typed female can only contribute an O allele.

The probability of the child inheriting two O alleles (which would result in an O blood type) is 25%.

Thus, the correct answer is A, "25%".

In the study of pea plant genetics, certain traits are considered dominant or recessive.

Axial flower position is a dominant trait in pea plants, meaning it shows up more frequently in crossbreeding.

Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Axial flower position".

There were three proposed models of DNA replication: the conservative model, semi-conservative model, and dispersive model.

The semi-conservative model, which suggests that each new DNA molecule is made up of one old and one new strand, is the one widely accepted.

Hence, the correct answer is B, "Semi-conservative model".

Gregor Mendel, often regarded as the father of genetics, performed extensive experiments on pea plants to understand heredity patterns.

Mendel meticulously carried out approximately 28,000 hybridization experiments on pea plants.

Consequently, the correct answer is C, "28000".

A dihybrid cross involves two traits and can produce a more diverse range of offspring genotypes.

When following Mendel's laws, a dihybrid cross in F2 generation produces 9 different genotypes.

Hence, the correct answer is C, "9".

The secretor gene, found on chromosome 19, controls the secretion of the ABH antigens in bodily fluids.

It is a dominant gene, meaning only one copy of this gene from one parent is enough for a person to be a secretor.

Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Dominant".

The concept of the 'gene' is critical in understanding genetics and heredity.

This term was first introduced by the scientist named Johnnson.

This historical development marked a significant advance in genetic research.

Therefore, the correct answer is A, "Johnnson".

Recessive genes express their phenotypic effect only when the individual is homozygous for that particular trait.

Hemophilia, a blood-clotting disorder, is one such trait in humans controlled by a recessive gene.

This means the gene for hemophilia is expressed when an individual has two copies of it.

So, the correct answer is B, "Hemophilia".

A phenotype refers to the physical manifestation of a trait, influenced by the organism's genetic makeup.

In cases where a trait has three distinct phenotypes, a minimum of two alleles must be present to account for this variation.

These could be a pair of co-dominant alleles or a combination of dominant and recessive alleles.

Thus, the correct answer is A, "02".

An X-linked dominant trait is one where a mutation in a gene on the X chromosome causes the phenotype to be expressed.

In the given options, neither Alper's syndrome (Option A) nor Diabetes insipidus (Option B) are X-linked dominant traits.

Therefore, the correct answer is D, "None of the above".

Gametes are reproductive cells that carry one copy of each genetic trait.

The genotype RrYy will produce four different types of gametes (RY, Ry, rY, ry) due to the law of independent assortment.

Thus, the correct answer is D, "4".

Unlike mammalian red blood cells, bird red blood cells (Option A) do possess a nucleus.

An Erythroblast (Option B) is an immature red blood cell and also contains a nucleus during its developmental stage.

Hence, the correct answer is C, "Both A and B".

The ABO blood group system is determined by the ABO gene, which has three allelic variants: A, B, and O.

Blood group A can be achieved by two genotypes: AA, AO.

Therefore, the correct answer is B, "Two".